Can I Teach With a General Studies Degree

February 20, 2022 Post a Comment

An academic degree is a qualification assigned to students subsequently completing 1 of the higher didactics programs at a university or college. The most common types of degrees are a Available's caste, Main'southward degree, Doctoral caste / PhD. However, along with them, there are a number of qualifications, which are also called degrees and reflect the characteristics of a particular country.

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Bologna system

Other programs

The Bologna degree system — Bologna Process

A large role in the formation of academic degrees belongs to the Bologna Process, which was founded in 1999. Its goal was the convergence of educational systems in Europe and the creation of a unmarried European Higher Education Area (EHEA). Within the framework of the Bologna Process, it was planned to introduce a three-stage qualification organisation and a unified European system for transferring and accumulating credits (ECTS) in the participating countries :

Bicycle	Number of ECTS	Duration of written report	Degree
First cycle	180-240	iii-4 years	Bachelor's caste
Second cycle	lx-120	ane-ii years	Master's degree
Third wheel	120-420	3+ years	Doctoral degree

To date, there are 48 countries participating in the Bologna Process. Despite a fairly stable system, the names of the degrees inside the cycles may differ. And then, Bachelor'southward in French republic is a Licence. Some countries also continue to assign specific qualifications, which makes it difficult to correlate education levels. For instance, Acquaintance's degree in the USA, Foundation degree in Britain, Specialist in Russia, etc.

It is likewise worth noting that most states that are not formally role of the process really use the same degrees (for example, the The states, Canada, Southward Korea, New Zealand, etc.). They tin have their ain variations of additional qualifications, credits, and terms of study, but well-nigh never depart from the three-wheel arrangement.

Preparatory programs — Foundation / Pathway

Foundation p rograms (sometimes — Pathway Programs / Preparatory Courses) exist at universities of Europe, U.s., Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Japan, and many other countries. Graduating from a Foundation course does not grant a degree, simply helps to achieve the required level for admission to the first stage of higher education.

Foundation program:

Prepares the bidder to study at the university, gives the necessary basic cognition;
Covers a missing yr of study, if an applicant has 11 years of secondary school (many countries adopted a 12-twelvemonth system of secondary didactics);
Combines intensive linguistic communication practice with specialized preparation for entering a sure specialty.

Depending on the university Foundation program lasts from 6 months to one.5 years. At the terminate of the training, a certificate is issued, which is accustomed by this educational institution, likewise as by partner universities. Sometimes, applicants who successfully complete the preparatory programme are automatically enrolled in the academy or exempted from passing entrance exams. In any instance, with a Foundation document, the probability of inbound a selected university is 80-100%.

Of import: the Foundation / Pathway Programme should non exist confused with the Foundation degree. The latter is a special caste that exists exclusively in British universities.

Associate's degree

Associate'southward caste is awarded in the United States, equally well as some schools in Hong Kong, South Korea, Commonwealth of australia, Canada, and the Netherlands, later ii years of college or university. Associate'south degrees are generally obtained in the US community colleges, where tuition costs are much lower than in the universities. Associate's degree programs are mutual in the arts, applied sciences, business organisation, medical services, engineering, natural sciences.

Acquaintance'south degree allows:

To save on tuition in university during the first two years of study and so transfer to a university for a third bachelor'due south yr;
To facilitate admission to a prestigious academy for those students who have not scored plenty points on SAT or other entrance exams immediately afterwards school;
To improve English language to the level required for university studies.

Upon completion of training, graduates are awarded the degree of associate, which is accustomed by the universities in the Us and several other countries if a student decides to go along grooming. In add-on, this degree is enough to detect work in some fields (inferior staff).

Variations: AA , Every bit , AAS , AAB , ABA , AAT , AAET , AE , AEng , AF , AGS , AIT , AN , AOS , AS-CAD , AT .

Examples of equivalents:

UK: Foundation degree, Certificate of Higher Pedagogy (CertHE), Diploma of College Educational activity (DipHE);
France: French Diplôme Universitaire de Technologie (DUT), Brevet de Technicien Supérieur (BTS);
Russia: diploma of secondary vocational educational activity (college, technical school) .

Foundation degree

Exclusively British qualification somewhat similar to the Associate's degree. Equivalent to 2 years of bachelor's studies, while combining academic and professional education. According to the Bologna Process, the Foundation caste belongs to a grouping of brusque cycle programs that are a role of or correlated with the first cycle. It is frequently implemented in such areas equally education, medicine, social work, nursing, sports, tourism, transport, business organization, management, agriculture, theater, design.

Foundation degree:

Gives admission to employment in a specific profession;
Allows you lot to go along studies in the tertiary year of available's program (a elevation-up class) and become a bachelor'southward caste with honors in the same or partner university.

The duration of study is 2 years (total-time) or four years (part-time). Programs are implemented in colleges and universities. According to statistics, 61.v% of graduates are employed immediately after the stop of the program, 55.9% get for a bachelor's caste and merely 1.viii% remain unemployed^[0].

Variations: FDA , FDEd , FDEng , FDS .

Undergraduate — Bachelor'due south degree

Bachelor's caste is an academic degree that is awarded to students at the end of the main programs of higher professional education. For admission to the bachelor'southward programme, one needs a certificate of completed secondary education, recognized as equivalent to the local one. Later on graduation, a student can find employment in a specialty or continue educational activity in the next cycle.

In some countries bachelor's degrees are divided into ordinary and with honors. The latter may differ in the number of credits or, in rare cases, allow y'all to enter a PhD without a master'due south caste.

Bachelor's degree:

Serves every bit a proof of the fundamental and practical training of the graduate in the chosen profile;
Grants the correct to work in the specialty (the majority of graduates from the Us, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Europe prefer to finish their education at the bachelor's wheel and kickoff a career);
Corresponds to the level of education required for admission to the master's.

To become a available's degree, you need to study at the academy from iii to 6 years depending on the chosen specialty, country, and institution. As a dominion, nigh programs accept three-iv years. A available'due south program for a catamenia of v-6 years is provided for students of medicine, architecture, and sometimes law.

Variations: BA , BSc , BFA , BEng , BBA , BEc , BN etc.

Postgraduate — Master's degree

Master's degree is an academic degree awarded at the finish of the principal'southward studies in many countries around the world. Master's is the second cycle of higher professional pedagogy. In order to start a career in a chosen specialty, in about cases, a bachelor'due south caste is enough. Chief's degree is for those who plan to connect their lives with science and research or but want to modify their specialization .

Master's Degree will:

Indicate that the pupil has gained deeper cognition in the chosen profile;
Give the opportunity to appoint in scientific activities or enter doctoral studies (graduate school).

Instruction in the master'south lasts i-two years depending on the country. In the Britain, for example, this step takes ane year of study, and in the U.s.a. — 2 years. Upon graduation, a graduate receives a principal's degree.

Variations: MA , MSc , MBA , MRes , MPhil , Meng , LLM , MDiv , MTh , MLitt , MPA .

Doctoral degree — PhD

Doctorate/Doctoral degree is a postgraduate degree, which is assigned to experts in a item field who accept successfully completed doctoral studies. In one form or another PhD exists in all countries of the globe. As a rule, master'south students and in very rare cases, the holders of the Bachelor'southward degree with Honors, which exists in Britain, Australia, New Zealand, are accepted into such programs. Historically the most common titles are PHD / DPhil / Dr. of Philosophy but, at present, information technology has no practical relation to philosophy and is awarded in all scientific fields.

This degree:

Grants the opportunity to appoint in scientific (enquiry) piece of work, to teach in universities or to start an academic career;
Serves every bit a proof of the deep knowledge and loftier qualifications in the selected field.

In nigh countries of the world, doctoral studies last from 3 to 6 years and are the highest degree. PhD holders can carry their research in the initial academic positions (Postdoc or Inquiry Associate / Scientist / Fellow).

Variations: PhD /DPhil , EdD , rarely DSc , DMSc , DBA , DPA , DML , JSD , DDes , DA , DArch , DFA , DEng/DES .

Professional person degrees

Professional degrees are a rather specific concept. Officially, they are granted in the United States and Bang-up Uk, but could besides be found in Australia, Canada and other countries of the British Commonwealth. The essence of the term varies greatly depending on the state.

For example, in the U.s.a. this is understood mainly every bit a doctoral degree, which is awarded if in that location is sufficient knowledge to obtain a license for professional person practice (unremarkably 6 years of higher education). The professional degree is contrasted with the usual Doctoral degree, the purpose of which is to carry research and defend a dissertation.

In the U.k., professional degrees are as well subject to accreditation past authorized institutions. In fact, professional degrees here may accept the names of a available's, main'due south or dr., only in most cases they are a combination of bachelor's and principal's (5-vi years) while maintaining the historical proper noun Bachelor's degree or the newer Integrated Master's degree. A frequent requirement is the availability of practical feel in the specialty. Professional doctoral studies in Britain equate to inquiry (PhD) every bit it as well includes hours of didactics and defence of the dissertation. In rare cases, professional degrees are intended for interns/board members.

Common to all countries are the main specialties that require professional person degrees — medicine, law, engineering, finance and management, etc.

Variations:

USA: Doctor , DDS , DVM , JD , DPharm , PsyD , DCSc , DHA , DSW , DAT ;
UK: LLB , MBBS , BDS , BVS , MEng , MPharm , BSc+MArch , BEng + MSc , MBA , EdD , EngD .

What is there after PhD?

In most countries, the single-stage postgraduate education structure takes identify, according to which PhD is recognized as the highest qualification. Further advancement on the academic ladder no longer means obtaining a degree followed past the defence of a doctoral dissertation, but an increment in bookish rank (lecturer, professor, etc.), less frequently, obtaining an honorary (non academic) caste on the basis of merit to science (e.g. DLitt , LLD in Britain).

Concluding updated: June 6, 2020

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